The Australian Northwest Cloudband impacts: Heavy Rainfall in the West while it’s Hot and Dry in the East — Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society

The Australian Northwest Cloudband impacts: Heavy Rainfall in the West while it’s Hot and Dry in the East (#2033)

Kimberley Reid 1 2 , Ian Simmonds 1 , Andrew King 1 2
  1. University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  2. Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, UNSW

The Australian Northwest Cloudband (NWCB) is a continental-scale band of continuous cloud that stretches from northwest to southeast Australia. NWCBs have long been associated with heavy rainfall in Western, Central and Southern parts of Australia. Recent studies have shown that NWCBs can make the probability of extreme rainfall between 2 – 12 times more likely than on a non-NWCB day depending on location and season (Reid et al., 2019). Our new study explores other extremes that may be associated with NWCBs. Using the new 35-year record of NWCB events in Australia, we have analysed long-term relationships between NWCBs and hot and dry extremes. While this work is still in progress, our early results have indicated a statistically significant increase in the distribution of summer daily maximum temperature on days with NWCBs compared to days without NWCBs in the northeast of Australia. Additionally, we have found a statistically significant decrease in the distribution of summer, winter and spring daily rainfall anomalies on days with NWCBs relative to days without NWCBs in the northern Murray-Darling basin. We propose that the enhanced northwesterly winds associated with the NWCB may be to blame. While these northwesterly winds bring warm, moist air from the Indian Ocean to the northwest of the country leading to heavy rainfall, in the east the winds transport hot and dry air from the interior leading to such conditions in Eastern Australia. Moreover, recent analysis has shown that NWCB occurrence has been increasing over the past 35 years, which may therefore have implications for the future impacts of NWCBs.

  1. Reid, K.J., I., Simmonds, C.L., Vincent and A.D. King, 2019: The Australian Northwest Cloudband: Climatology, Mechanisms and Association with Precipitation. Journal of Climate, 32(20), 6665-6684. DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0031.1
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