Modelling the impact of aerosol produced by Great Barrier Reef — Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society

Modelling the impact of aerosol produced by Great Barrier Reef (#191)

Sonya Fiddes 1 2 3 , Matt Woodhouse 1 , Robyn Schofield 4 , Todd Lane 5
  1. Oceans and Atmospheres, CSIRO, Aspendale, VIC, Australia
  2. Climate and Energy College , University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
  3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science , University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
  4. School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
  5. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Coral reefs have been found to produce the chemical dimethyl sulfide, which, when released into the atmosphere, provides a source of sulfate aerosol. Literature currently suggests that this source of aerosol could be important to local weather and climate, however, robust evidence has not been established. Current predictions estimate that at 1.5 degrees of warming, 70-90% of coral reefs will become extinct, via dual threats of warming temperatures and ocean acidification.  With the extinction of coral reefs comes the loss of this source of DMS, the impacts of which is currently unknown. In this work, a regional chemistry-weather model is used to determine if the loss of coral reef derived-DMS has an impact on local weather over the Great Barrier Reef. In order to do this, a range of DMS concentrations attributable to coral reefs is included in DMS surface water concentrations for the first time. The results are compared to DMS concentrations with no knowledge of coral reefs (the Lana climatology). Field observations taken over September/October 2016 are used to evaluate the model and the impacts of the coral reef DMS, at both cloud parameterising and cloud resolving resolutions. Initial results suggest that default DMS concentrations are too large over the open water of the Great Barrier Reef and hence have been scaled to compare with observations. Similarly, cloud condensation nuclei concentrations were found to be large, attributed in part to the large sea salt flux. The model has been found to perform reasonably well in terms of composition variability, which is predominantly a function of well captured wind speed and direction.

#amos2020